Chemical compositions of essential oils of Rosa damascena Mill. in different climatic regions

Document Type : Scientific Letters

Authors

1 Expert of Natural Resources, Hamadan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Hamadan, Iran

2 Research Division of Natural Resources, Hamadan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Hamadan, Iran

3 Assistant Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Hamadan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Hamadan, Iran

10.22092/irn.2026.369576.1655

Abstract

The cultivation of medicinal plants in different climatic regions significantly affects the yield and chemical composition of their essential oils. In the present study, the chemical compositions of the essential oils of two populations of Rosa damascena grown in the semi-steppe region of Hamedan (Divin village; annual rainfall > 200 mm) and the semi-desert region of Yazd (annual rainfall < 100 mm) were compared. The analyses showed that a total of 14 chemical compounds were identified in the essential oils of both populations, mainly including citronellol + nerol, n-nonadecane, n-heneicosane, geranial, n-tricosane, and cis-rose oxide. Compounds such as citronellyl acetate, geraniol, geranial, and cis-rose oxide were present in higher amounts in the Hamedan population, whereas n-nonadecane and n-heneicosane were higher in the Yazd population. The flower yield per square meter was 856 g in Hamedan and 1001 g in Yazd. Under these conditions, the essential oil percentage was higher in the Yazd population (0.0774%) compared to that in Hamedan (0.0543%). These compounds contribute to the pleasant aroma of Damask rose and have various applications in the perfumery, cosmetic, and hygiene industries. Although the Hamedan population showed a relatively higher richness of aromatic compounds, the difference was not statistically significant. Therefore, considering its higher flower yield and essential oil content, the Yazd population can be regarded as a more suitable option for industrial applications.

Keywords

References

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Iran Nature
Volume 11, Issue 1 - Serial Number 56
May and June 2026
Pages 25-29

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